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El acceso a la información pública. Jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos.El caso “Claude Reyes, Marcel y otros vs. Chile”.

Voces: DEMOCRACIA ~ DERECHOS HUMANOS ~ TRATADO INTERNACIONAL ~ INFORMACION ECONOMICA ~ INFORMACION FINANCIERA ~ DERECHO A LA INFORMACION ~ DERECHO DE INFORMACION ~ REQUERIMIENTO DE INFORMACION ~ ORGANISMO PUBLICO ~ FUNCIONES DE ORGANISMO PUBLICO ~ OBLIGACIONES DEL ORGANISMO PUBLICO ~ CONVENCION AMERICANA SOBRE DERECHOS HUMANOS ~ LIBERTAD DE EXPRESION ~ CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DERECHOS HUMANOS ~ ORGANIZACION DE LOS ESTADOS AMERICANOS ~ FACULTADES DE INTERPRETACION ~ JURISPRUDENCIA

Autor: Bastons, Jorge L.

Publicado en: LA LEY 16/09/2011, 16/09/2011, 1

I. La cultura del poder y su necesaria democratización.- II. Algunos Antecedentes del derecho de acceso a la información pública en el ámbito interamericano.- III. El acceso a la información pública en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. El caso “Claude Reyes, Marcel y otros vs. Chile”.

Abstract: "Sin libertad de expresión y sin posibilidad de acceso a la información no se puede participar en el debate nacional sobre la política económica del gobierno ni obtener la información imprescindible para la protección de todos los demás derechos fundamentales de la persona humana." 

Artículo: https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0BzsbMiDsvU4bMjk0M2M1OWMtMzcyMy00MzA3LTgzN2UtOGVlNDg3YjJmY2Jl&hl=es

Derecho de Insolvencia Soberana: Roche suspende suministro de remedios a Grecia.Roche Keeps Drugs From Strapped Greek Hospitals

Es imperioso contar con un mínimo acuerdo global acerca de lo que deudores soberanos y sus acreedores pueden hacer para evitar situaciones extremas como éstas, en las que salvo los enfermos todos son responsables.

Juan Pablo Bohoslavsky

Roche Keeps Drugs From Strapped Greek Hospitals
By JEANNE WHALEN

Swiss drug giant Roche Holding AG has stopped delivering its drugs for cancer and other diseases to some state-funded hospitals in Greece that haven't paid their bills, and may take similar steps elsewhere, a stark example of how the European debt crisis that has jolted global financial markets is having a direct effect on consumers.

In Greece, Roche is boosting deliveries to pharmacies, which have paid their bills more reliably, Chief Executive Severin Schwan said in an interview on Friday. Patients at some hospitals now must take their prescriptions to a local pharmacy, and, in the case of intravenous or injected cancer drugs, bring them back to the hospital to be administered, he said.

Mr. Schwan said patients haven't been deprived of their medication as a result of the new measures, which he said Roche may need to adopt in Spain, as well. Some state-funded hospitals in Portugal and Italy have also fallen far behind on payments, he said.

There are hospitals "who haven't paid their bills in three or four years," Mr. Schwan said. "There comes a point where the business is not sustainable anymore."

Europe's efforts to prevent a Greek default have become politically fraught as economically stronger nations face popular resistance to additional contributions. Many are proceeding with budget cutting plans despite weakening economies. On Friday, U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner urged the continent to increase the size of a bailout fund.

Roche isn't the first pharmaceutical company to stop supplies to some Greek buyers. Denmark's Novo Nordisk S/A last year stopped shipping certain brands of insulin after Greece said it would cut the prices by more than a quarter. The cutoff lasted a few weeks, until Greece agreed to less onerous price reductions. Novo Nordisk continued shipping low-cost generic insulin throughout, but it was sharply criticized by diabetes groups and others for halting supplies of the more expensive products.

And companies in other industries are also worried. VeriFone Systems Inc., which sells payment-processing systems, said that so far customers have been paying on time. But CEO Doug Bergeron said the company is monitoring clients closely, and if conditions worsen, it will require buyers to obtain letters of credit before making purchases.

Greek hospitals have large debts to many drug companies, according to the Hellenic Association of Pharmaceutical Companies, or SFEE. As of June 30 this year, Greek's state-financed hospitals had paid for just 37% of the €1.9 billion ($2.62 billion) worth of drugs delivered by SFEE member companies in the 18 months to June, 2011, the organization said in a recent report.

Greece's health-care system is ailing in part because of budget cuts the country has instituted to try to bring order to its weak finances and stave off a default on its debt. Additionally, critics of the health-care system say it is bogged down in waste. The country's health ministry couldn't be reached to comment on Friday.

Europeans have been reluctant to offer additional assistance to a country they view as spending far beyond its means. Finland, for example, has insisted that Greece put up collateral in exchange for further rescue aid.

Early this year, Greece tried to clear some of its pharmaceutical debts by giving companies government bonds. "We didn't have a choice. Everybody got government bonds. The question was, you got nothing or you got government bonds," Mr. Schwan said, adding that Roche sold the bonds immediately.

He said he isn't aware of any Greek patient complaints about Roche's decision to cut off certain hospitals, but that he can imagine hospital administrators "didn't like it." A representative of the Greek Cancer Society said no one was available to comment Friday.

Roche started cutting off certain Greek hospitals this year, Mr. Schwan said. A Roche spokeswoman declined to name the hospitals involved, but said the company began warning them last summer, in an effort to give them as much time as possible to make their payments.

Greek hospitals and pharmacies generally pay Roche directly for drugs, and then seek reimbursement from the taxpayer-funded health-care system, she said. Pharmacies are perhaps more prompt in paying Roche because they are privately owned and run for a profit, giving them better cash flow to cover their bills, she said.

Mr. Schwan said state-funded hospitals, which are nonprofit, "had this habit of not paying the pharma industry." Some have become better at paying since Roche has cut them off, because they realize their reputation with patients is at stake, he said.

Should Greece's financial situation deteriorate further, Roche could "have even more troubles to collect," he said.—Dana Mattioli contributed to this article.

Write to Jeanne Whalen at jeanne.whalen@wsj.com

Source: The Wall Street Journal Digital Network

Caso "López Mendoza c. Venezuela" Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

Por Juan Pablo Bohoslavsky

Recomiendo la lectura de la reciente sentencia de la CIDH en el caso “López Mendoza c. Venezuela”, en la que se discute la convencionalidad de ciertas normas estatales de lucha contra la corrupción.

¿Pide demasiado la CIDH (una condena penal para que proceda la inhabilitación para ser candidato a elecciones)? ¿Está bien exigir rigurosamente  todas las garantías de protección del administrado, especialmente cuando están en juego las  normas procedimentales  de la democracia? ¿Este criterio llevará a la parálisis de los sistemas administrativos disciplinarios? ¿Qué/cómo/quién los reemplazarían? ¿De estas dos últimas preguntas se tiene que ocupar la CIDH cuando considera la convencionalidad de las normas estatales?

Paulatinamente se va entendiendo el impacto profundo que el sistema jurídico interamericano tiene en el funcionamiento cotidiano de los Estados de la región, con lo que una maestría en Derecho Administrativo Global (DAG) es una reacción natural a la evolución de ese Derecho.

Fallo: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0BzsbMiDsvU4bMjUyMGZlOTUtMzQ1OS00ZWY2LTg4NjUtMWFkZThiN2RmN2M3&hl=es

¿Es caso fortuito la "lluvia" de cenizas en Bariloche?

Voces: DERECHOS DE INCIDENCIA COLECTIVA ~ CASO FORTUITO O FUERZA MAYOR ~ MEDIO AMBIENTE ~ DERECHO AMBIENTAL ~ FENOMENO DE LA NATURALEZA ~ CONTAMINACION AMBIENTAL ~ POLITICA AMBIENTAL ~ DAÑO AMBIENTAL ~ DAÑOS Y PERJUICIOS ~ DAÑO PSIQUICO ~ DAÑO MORAL ~ PREVISIBILIDAD ~ REPUBLICA DE CHILE ~ RESPONSABILIDAD DEL ESTADO ~ CULPA POR OMISION ~ EXIMICION DE RESPONSABILIDAD ~ ZONA DE DESASTRE ECOLOGICO ~ ZONA DE EMERGENCIA ~ EMERGENCIA AMBIENTAL ~ PROVINCIA DE RIO NEGRO

Autor: Gagliardo, Mariano

Publicado en: LA LEY 15/07/2011, 15/07/2011, 1

I. Consideraciones generales. II. Hechos de la naturaleza. III. Bariloche cubierta por cenizas. IV. Acerca del caso fortuito y su relación con Puyehue. V. Proposiciones finales. VI. Final.

Abstract: La situación creada en el sur a raíz de "las cenizas", además de los cuantiosos daños materiales y espirituales causados, es una cuestión social y jurídica de urgente tratamiento. Es prioritario paliar las necesidades donde el desabastecimiento y los clásicos abusos están a la orden del día. Luego, deben encauzarse las responsabilidades jurídicas. 

Artículo: https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0BzsbMiDsvU4bOGMwYThhNTktYjcxYS00NGMzLWFhMzktNGQ2ZmM3N2Q4NjFh&hl=es

Fuente: www.laleyonline.com.ar